December 25, 2019
They also used a noninvasive device to measure oxygen level
But whenever possible, breastfeeding is best, Harrison said by email. Sergio
Demarini of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health at IRCCS Burlo Garofolo
in Trieste, Italy.Breastfeeding is associated with a widespread activation of
the cerebral cortex with positive feelings that may overwhelm any pain from the
heel stick, so infants show little if any sign of pain, Demarini said. wholesale pu ball Supplier
Nonpharmacological pain relief is often used with infants during minor painful
procedures like heel sticks (Photo: AFP) Babies have long been offered a bit of
sugar water or breastmilk to comfort them during needle sticks, and a new study
suggests these methods of pain relief may work even better when babies are also
nestled in their mothers’ arms.
Researchers randomly assigned 80 healthy
three-day-old infants getting a needle stick in their heel for blood tests to
receive one of four types of pain relief: sugar water while they were on a
changing table; pumped breast milk while they were on a changing table; sugar
water while they were held by their mothers; or breastmilk directly from their
mothers. "Therefore, the effects may be cumulative.â€.The different pain relief
methods in the study were associated with different responses in the
brain.â€Nonpharmacological pain relief is often used with infants during minor
painful procedures like heel sticks, researchers note in Pediatrics.
They also
used a noninvasive device to measure oxygen level changes in their brain as a
way of detecting which brain areas were activated by pain and the effect of the
different types of pain relief. Several methods have been found effective at
reducing babies’ visible pain during these procedures, including sugar water,
breastfeeding, swaddling infants in blankets and placing babies against their
mothers’ bare chest for skin-to-skin contact.Researchers watched babies for
expressions of pain.In the current study, researchers used what’s known as
near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).The reason why a combination of methods works
better is likely due to the fact that they have different mechanism of
action."If breastfeeding cannot occur, or skin-skin contact cannot occur, small
volumes of (sugar) given before and immediately after the bloodwork can be
used.The study found only a slight difference in pain relief between
breastfeeding and holding babies who got sugar."The fact that (sugar) combined
with holding was more effective than (sugar) alone once again shows the power of
the multisensory approach.
As the large majority of mothers do breastfeed their
newborn infants in the first days to weeks after birth, this makes breastfeeding
the perfect strategy to use during newborn bloodwork,†Harrison said. Holding
also means speaking to the baby, movement, warmth, all which can further reduce
pain responses in newborn babies,†said Denise Harrison, a researcher at
Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario and the University of Ottawa who wasn’t
involved in the study. It uses sensors on the outside of the head emitting and
receiving light, instead of electrodes detecting electrical impulses, and can
detect changes in oxygenation, representing blood flow to areas where brain
activity increases during a heel stick."Clinically, mother’s lap, in combination
with either glucose or breastfeeding, provided better analgesia than expressed
breast milk and glucose alone,†said senior study author Dr.Researchers didn’t
study the effect of maternal holding alone because this has been shown to help
ease babies’ pain in other studies, particularly when it involves skin-to-skin
contact, the study authors note.
With sugar water, there appeared to be less
transmission of pain in the cerebral cortex than with breast milk babies took
from a bottle while they were on the changing table, Demarini said.While some
previous research has also tried to measure changes in babies’ brains associated
with different approaches to pain relief, results have been mixed and left an
unclear picture of what approach might work best, the authors write."The reason
why a combination of methods works better is likely due to the fact that they
have different mechanism of action,†Demarini said by email
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